Linux系统raid1更换故障硬盘处理过程

raid1 更换故障硬盘处理过程：
1.服务器两个硬盘/dev/sda 和/dev/sdb组成raid1,结构如下
/dev/sda1+/dev/sdb1=/dev/md0
/dev/sda2+/dev/sdb2=/dev/md1
现在通过cat /proc/mdstat发现/dev/sdb不正常，需要更换
2.先在系统移除/dev/sdb,操作时需要先移除/dev/sdb的每一个分区
a.移除/dev/sdb1
先标记/dev/sdb1为fail
[root@servera~]#mdadm –manage /dev/md0 –fail /dev/sdb1
这时输入cat /proc/mdstat 应该可以看到以下信息
Personalities:[linear][multipath][raid0][raid1][raid5][raid4][[raid6][raid10]
md0:active raid1 sda1[0] sdb12
24418688 block [2/][U_]
md1:active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]
24418688 blocks [2/2][UU]
unused devices:

移除/dev/sdb1
[root@servera~]#mdadm –manage /dev/md0 –remove /dev/sdb1
这时系统返回的结果应该是
mdadm:hot removed /dev/sdb1
这时输入cat /proc/mdstat 应该可以看到以下信息
Personalitie:[linear][multipath][raid0][raid1][raid5][raid4][raid6][raid10]
md0:active raid1 sda1[0]
244186688?blocks [2/1][U_]

 md1:active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]

 244186688?blocks [2/2][UU]
 unused devices:<none>

b.用相同方法移除/dev/sdb2
[root@servera]#mdadm –manage /dev/md1 –fail /dev/sdb2
[root@servera]#cat /proc/mdstat

      Personalities:[linear][multipath][raid0][raid1][raid5][raid4][[raid6][raid10]
      md0:active raid1 sda1[0]
      24418688 blocks [2/1][U_]

      md1:active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[2](F)
      24418688 blocks [2/1][U_]
      unused devices:<none>
  [root@servera~]#mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --remove /dev/sdb2
   mdadm:hot removed /dev/sdb2
  [root@servera~]#cat /proc/mdstat
  Personalities :[linear][multipath][raid0][raid1][raid5][raid4][raid6][raid10]
  md0:active raid1 sda1[0]
       24418688 blocks [2/1][U_]
  unused devices:<none>
  s这时可以看到只有/dev/sda 在工作。

3.关机
{root@servera}#shutdown - now
4.将硬盘/dev/sdb更换为新的硬盘，开机
5.系统启动完成以后，给新硬盘/dev/sdb做与/dev/sda相同的分区，可以用下面的命令完成
[root@servera]#sfdisk -d /dev/sda | sfdisk /dev/sda
上面的命令表示从/dev/sda复制分区表至/dev/sdb.
然后可以输入fdisk -l 查看两个硬盘分区是否相同
6.然后把/dev/sdb的分区挂到raid1里面
[root@servera]#mdadm –manage /dev/md0 –add /dev/sdb1
系统应该返回mdadm:re-added /dev/sdb1
[root@servera]#mdadm –manage /dev/md1 –add /dev/sdb2
系统使用cat /proc/mdstat 查看结果
Personalities:[linear][multipath][raid0][raid1][raid5][raid4][raid6][raid10]
md0:active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1]
2418688 blocks [2/1][U_]
[=>…………] recovery = 9.9% (2423168/24428688) finish=2.8min
speed=127535K/sec
md1:active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]
24418688 blocks [2/1][U_]
[=>…………] recovery = 6.4% (1572096//24418688) finish=1.9min
speed=196512K/sec
unused devices:
When the synchronization is finished,the output will look like this:
server1：~#cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities:[linear][multipath][raid0][raid5][raid4][raid6][raid10]
md0:active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1]
24418688 blocks [2/2][UU]
md1:active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]
24418688 blocks [2/2][UU]
unused devices:
至此大功告成啦，慢慢等系统自动同步数据到/dev/sdb.